Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Klages-Mundt, A.; Minca, A. Optimal intervention in economic networks using influence maximization methods. These two variables did not capture spatial variability at the basin scale, which is its main limitation. Topographical features like mountains affect the weather mostly in the way that they direct air currents. Visit our dedicated information section to learn more about MDPI. Zheng, B.-M.; Liu, A.-L.; Han, J.-L.; Ming, Q.-Z. 2023; 12(2):274. How does topography affect economic development? Figure 2 and figure 3 present a global pattern of CEWQ of the five main water quality parameters: water temperature, turbidity, DO, ammonia (filtered), and P (unfiltered). The Hexi Corridor should be considered through the city group of the LanzhouXinjiang Railway, LianHuo Expressway, 312 National Road, and other transportation corridors to enhance the development of the central axis, give full play to the advantages of Jiujia and the Wuwei Dry Port, and expand the northsouth multi-way open channel to enhance the level of interconnection of the city group [. For Rugged terrain restricts the concentration of population in any area. Degree centrality (DC) is divided into out-degree and in-degree. Latitude and longitude make up the grid system that helps humans identify absolute, or exact, locations on the Earth's surface. Climatic Factors Affecting Farming. GDP shows a negative coefficient for T (T, turbidity). Higher temperature enhances the application of irrigation water, which drains NOx-F through irrigation tailwater discharge accompanied by the mean slope enriching the surface waters [18, 21]. Nie, X.-Y. The delineated sub-watersheds were used for data extraction, which will be used as explanatory variables in regression models. This enabled the Spartan citizens to train in the art of battle. Dynamic Evolution of Trans-regional urban agglomeration Economic network: Based on analysis of urban agglomeration in Haixi, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Primary concentrations of human He, C.-F.; Yu, C.-D. Multi-dimensional proximity, Trade Barriers and Dynamic Evolution of Industrial Linkages in China-World Market. Large global datasets were used for 12 main water quality parameters from 43 water quality monitoring stations located at large major rivers. [ 16] found that chemical oxygen demand in water of Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan, increased with rising air temperature. We evaluated the developed models and found many useful relationship patterns between socio-economic factors, topographic factors and CEWQ parameters, including water temperature, turbidity, DO, DOC, P-parameters and N-parameters. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China, Gansu Engineering Research Center of Land Utilization and Comprehension Consolidation, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China. Volume 12, Sun, Q.-K.; Zhou, L.; Tang, X.-L.; Sun, D.-Q. The second industry is the JiujiaJinwu dual-core linkage, with Jiujia as the lead and Jiuzhang and Jinwu as the backbone. Catchment land use is the primary determining factor for regulating the nutrients [16]. Please let us know what you think of our products and services. ; LV, R.; Zhang, X.-B. [1] There are four branches of economic geography. More frequent and intense drought, storms, heat waves, rising sea levels, melting glaciers and warming oceans can directly harm animals, destroy the places they live, and wreak havoc on people's livelihoods and communities. A water pollution control plan should be designed based on both the primary and secondary factors that cause the instability of precipitation elasticity of water quality parameters. The literature illustrates that temperature has an exponential effect on sediment load (soil erosion) [72, 73]. Zhang, Y.-Q. Just like other abiotic elements of environmental factors such as soil and topography, they influence how crops grow and develop. Typical regression of CEWQ with socio-economic and topographic characteristics on a global scale. Land. ; Zhang, X. Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. Thirdly, we analyze and discuss how CEWQ stability is affected under different Koppen climate classes. Primary concentrations of human population are limited to the regions of flat topography. How does topography impact land value? Previous studies, which used statistical approaches or process-based approaches, have discussed the river water quality relationship with, or response to, air temperature and precipitations. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fr Materialien und Energie GmbH. Today, geography still plays an important but much more nuanced role in the development of economies. Topography Affects Rain and SnowfallAs air rises, it also cools. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. Thessaly has warm, dry plains and lower mountain ranges. Liu, W.; Cao, Y.; Wu, W.; Guo, J. Spatial impact analysis of trans-Yangtze highway fixed links: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta, China. Revisions:1 Economic growth speeds up urbanization [62] where high population density contributes to phosphorous discharge through domestic sewage. The results implied that watersheds with lower runoff coefficient, thick population density, over fertilization and manure application face a higher risk of instability. ; writingoriginal draft preparation, X.X. Women in Athens were on the bottom rung of the social ladder and were not considered citizens. Altitude or height above sea level - Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. Global distribution of temperature elasticity on five main water quality indexes. Bevilacqua, C.; Sohrabi, P.; Hamdy, N. Spatializing Social Networking Analysis to Capture Local Innovation Flows towards Inclusive Transition. Therefore, the coastal regions will stay cooler in summer and warmer in winter, thus creating a more moderate climate with a narrower temperature range. Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, and Jiayuguan have strong complementary connections among various industrial sectors and a solid industrial foundation. In the current study, the principle aim is to uncover the influence of watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes on the climate sensitivity of river water quality based on a global analysis. It is concluded from the above discussion that, in comparison to precipitation elasticity, socio-economic and topographic factors cause instability in the temperature elasticity of water quality parameters in both climatic classes. Rising air temperature accompanied by rainfall intensity can affect the mobilization of DOC [67]. The expected outcomes are quantitative and qualitative improvements in human capital (e.g. ; software, X.X. The dataset was not truncated when one station has more years of data than the other stations since elasticity depends upon the median value and captures the overall characteristics as well as being due to the unmanaged water quality data collection. Although many factors combine to influence weather, the four main ones are solar radiation, the amount of which changes with Earth's tilt, orbital distance from the sun and latitude, temperature, air pressure and the abundance of water. The concept of bivariate elasticity was introduced by Jiang et al (2014) in order to measure the response of water quality parameters to precipitation and temperature [28]. We discuss the socio-economic and topographic factors that cause instability of CEWQ parameters and conclude with some suggestions for watershed managers to bring sustainability in freshwater bodies. permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. You are accessing a machine-readable page. Do topographic maps indicate changes in elevation? Altitude or height above sea level - Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. GDP data was obtained from the World Bank (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG). The specific calculation formula is as follows [. Latitude. Certain ocean currents have different temperatures. Figure 3. The majority of them are also nutrients leading to eutrophication. Africa, the second largest continent, is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean.It is divided almost equally in half by the Equator. The impact of mean slope on water chemistry varies due to the physical characteristics of the sub-watershed, which includes surficial geology, land use, morphological variables and surficial debris [51, 52]. where \overline T, \overline P and W\overline Q are the air temperature, precipitation and water quality at any given time, respectively. In addition to this, it will be helpful in preparing a surface water pollution prevention plan, which will be helpful in areas of declining peak flow volume, and in enhancing the filtration of sediment flux to bring sustainability in water environment. We found that precipitation elasticity showed comparatively higher sensitivity to socio-economic and topographic factors at a global scale. This created regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately of one another. 12 104012 Moreover, construction activities are higher in urban areas, which increases P-enriched soil erosion via land runoff [63]. Firstly, we introduce an elasticity approach (climate elasticity of water quality (CEWQ)) to characterize the response of typical water quality parameters to air temperature and precipitations (or their relationships). Wang, Y.-R.; Jia, Z.; Gu, R.-X. The direction and speed of the wind can be greatly affected by topography. Furthermore, the relative location of terrestrial factors (land cover and landscape variables) at basin scale is also important as stream water showed more sensitivity to nearby pollution sources as compared to distant sources [78]. Axis development model construction. There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. Some studies have confirmed that temperature is the most important controlling agent for other factors such as precipitation, catchment size on soil erosion and subsequently sediment flux [72, 74]. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. The concentration of DOC is higher in the above-stated climatic types, which may be due to higher anthropogenic activity and a high rate of decomposition due to elevated temperature [45]. Our experts have done a research to get accurate and detailed answers for you. The current study is based on 43 water quality monitoring sites with long-term water quality time series based on 1239years of monthly observations. (3) The impact of topographical relief on population and economy was stronger than that of other topographical factors. The relief degree showed a good logarithmic fit relationship with population density (0.911) and economic density (0.874). Research on the Influence of a High-Speed Railway on the Spatial Structure of the Western Urban Agglomeration Based on Fractal TheoryTaking the ChengduChongqing Urban Agglomeration as an Example. (3) The primary industrys industrial core backbone connection axis is mainly based on the closed triangular connection between Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Jinchang. The elevated level of NH4+-F concentration in surface waters may be a consequence of irrigation tailwater discharges [56, 57] due to favorable cultivation conditions in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climate classes. This is a question our experts keep getting from time to time. Conceptualization, X.X. The socio-economic data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of the Cities of Hexi Corridor Urban Agglomeration in 2001, 2011, and 2021; the Gansu Development Yearbook; the China County Statistical Yearbook; the China City Statistical Yearbook, and the CSMAR Economic Geographic Database. Chai, D.; Zhang, D.; Sun, Y.; Yang, S.; Xiong, F. Research on the City Network Structure in the Yellow River Basin in China Based on Two-Way Time Distance Gravity Model and Social Network Analysis Method. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. (3) The economic network has a greater agglomeration effect than diffusion effect, with prominent grouping characteristics, forming a network structure of one man, three vices, and many nodes and a significant spatial proximity effect. While geography played a major role in where civilizations began and where people settle, it has a corresponding effect on the cultures of those people who do settle there. By contrast, the N-load is high in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climates, which may be due to the high response of stream flow to precipitation [27] in the above-mentioned climate classes, which fuels NH4+-F concentration from point and diffuse pollutions sources to surface waters via land runoff [17, 53, 54], or it may be linked to warm climates that have a higher N cycle, which could increase N concentrations and loads. Latest answer posted January 22, 2019 at 2:51:11 PM. Location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity, Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Lv, R.; Shi, P.-J. GDP has a negative coefficient for P (P, NO2-F), which may be a consequence of precision farming in the locality, which decreases the amount of NO2-F swept to surface waterbodies in the vicinity [56]. Generally, topographic features regulate surface water quality variables. This, of course, affected economic development. Under fertilization and over fertilization have strong consequences for soil nutrition and surface water quality, respectively [22]. Who prepares topographical maps of india? This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland at the same latitude and altitude. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. The topographic effect is the variation in radiance from an inclined surface compared to the radiance from a horizontal surface as a function of the surface orientation relative to the light source and sensor position. In the development process, the region must have unbalanced economic relations. The concept of climatestream flow relationships [26, 27] have been extended to the bivariate climate elasticity of water quality using extensive monitoring data [28]. Economic factors such as subsidies, commodity prices, labour and immigration laws, cost of land, transport, capital and markets, etc. It also caused the Greeks to look outside of its peninsula for colonies that possessed soil that could be farmed. Table 1. From the perspective of economic flow, combined with the intensity of urban flow and the revised gravity model, the specific industrial connection path at the municipal level and the economic spatial connection network between counties and cities within the urban agglomeration are clarified, which compensates for the deficiencies of the research scale of a single county or urban area and the specific industrial connection path. Precious metals were mined from the mountains that could be used for trade. As altitude increases, the amount of gas molecules in the air decreasesthe air becomes less dense than air nearer to sea level. Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. Transportation, warehousing, and postal services; 7. wholesale and retail trade; 8. finance industry; 9. real estate industry; 10. education; 11. health, social insurance, and social welfare; 12. culture, sports, and entertainment; 13. scientific research, technical services, and geological survey; 14. accommodation and catering industry; 15. information transmission, computer, service, and software industries; 16. leasing and commercial services; 17. water, environmental, and public utility management; 18. residential services, repairs, and other services, The proportion of the value added by the secondary industry in GDP, The proportion of the value added by the tertiary industry in GDP, Per capita savings balance at the end of the year, Transportation, warehousing, and postal industry added value, Science, education, culture and health services, Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, Health, social insurance, and social welfare, Electricity, gas, and water production and supply industries, Scientific research, technical services, and geological surveys, Transportation, warehousing, and postal services, Information transmission, computers, services, and software, Water conservancy, environment, and public facilities management, Resident services, repairs, and other services. Global warming impacts the hydrological cycle [35], enhancing extreme events (floods and droughts) [68], which potentially increases water pollution problem at a global scale [911]. A protocol assesses the planned transport network infrastructure. If an area is close to a body of water it tends to make milder climates. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. "Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow" Land 12, no. Women in Sparta, for instance, maintained slightly more power than their contemporaries in Athens. Sparta, on the other hand, was a monarchy, with a line of hereditary monarchs. How does topography affect economic development? For example, you might wear heavier clothing and tend to be physically stronger as a result of climbing often. paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. Yes. Africa's physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Increase in P (P, DOC) is positively supported by the catchment area, which may be due to several potential reasons including inputs from sewage, decomposition of organic yard wastes, leaf litter, grass clippings and plant residue in soil by microorganisms [45, 46]. In California, winds off the Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast. what are the five factors that affect climate? 12 main water quality parameters are used in the current study, which are given in table S2. Land 2023, 12, 274. Other city-states that were not on the shoreline, like Sparta in the southwest Peloponnese, relied on slave labor to tend to fields, craft goods, etc. The human body reacts to high altitudes. ; Shi, P.-J. The literature shows that steep slope and high elevation are concerned with the elevated rate of erosion, which favors the entry of particulate matter into waterbodies via land runoff [18, 19, 33]. Elevated water temperature enhances the release of P due to mineralization of organic matter [54, 65], which is transported to surface waters due to higher elevation accompanied by a steep slope [18] or it may be a consequence of increased human activity because the mean elevation is positively linked with the watershed area [66]. Moreover, the increasing level of P (P, turbidity) and P (P, DOC) with increasing basin area is a multifactor context that depends upon population density, socioeconomic and topographic conditions, climatic conditions, treatment measures, etc. Population density has a positive coefficient for P (P, NO3-F), which may be due to lawn fertilization in urban areas, which drains NO3-F to enrich surface waters [59, 79]. ; Nie, X.-Y. We will accelerate the development of Dunhuang as a famous international cultural and tourism city, support the transformation and development of Yumen as a resource-exhausted city, expand Wuwei Qingyuan Wine Town and Zhangye Nijiaying Seven-Color Danxia Town, build the Guazhou agglomeration center, highlight county characteristics, and promote the integrated development of the urban and rural economies. In comparison to Cwa, a subclass of temperate (C), Cfa and Cfb have higher contents of NO3-F, which may be due to climatic conditions that favor leaching of nitrogen from soil with time [75, 76], or irrigation tailwater discharge from conventional farming that favors the release of nitrate contents to waterbodies in the vicinity [56]. ; Liang, C.-B. ; Wei, W. Urban competition and cooperation in Hexi Corridor based on niche theory. Figure 1. The 7 main factors are latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. It measures average life expectancy, level of education and income for each country in the world. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. GDP positively favors P (P, P-UF), which might be linked with urbanization. The polis would become the dominant political structure in Ancient Greece. Betweenness centrality (BC) measures the medium function of node connections. The Greeks, through cultural diffusion, learned a great deal from the people they met through the travel of the seas. These energy inputs heat up the land surface, which may increase water temperature due to heat transfer via land runoff from the catchment (especially paved areas) to surface waters [39, 40]. Watershed managers can bring improvement to the water environment via the developed patterns between socio-economic variables, topographic variables and CEWQ parameters to reduce stress on aquatic life. Latitude or distance from the equator Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. When topography comes into play, weather scenarios deviate from that rule. Geography plays a significant role in economic development. 2: 274. Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. The climate of any particular place is influenced by a host of interacting factors. Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online. Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. Li, J.; Qian, Y.; Zeng, J.; Yin, F.; Zhu, L.; Guang, X. The freight volumes of roads and railways come from the annual statistical reports of each citys national economic and social development. Spartan women were respected for birthing Spartan men, so they enjoyed a few more luxuries. Lv, Y.; Chen, Y. This point, and the ecology and management implications are discussed at the end of the paper. Wang, S.-J. Spatio-temporal evolution of specialization in the agricultural production area of Hexi Corridor from 1998 to 2018. Latitude. In tropical climate class (A), gross domestic product (GDP) played an important role in stabilizing the CEWQ. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. BibTeX Step wise multiple regression (SMLR) was conducted to develop models between CEWQ parameters and watershed characteristics [36, 37]. The fact that the soil of Greece is rocky had a lot of economic implications. 2. Landforms The landforms of a particular area dictate the nature What was the Importance/significance of Theatre in Ancient Greek society? Lu, Z.-H. Research on Spatial Economic Linkages of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration and Their Impact on Economic Efficiency. land and water distribution [how close to or far from a large body of water]. latitude,temperature,precipitation,topography,and elevation. from Rutgers University-New Brunswick/Piscataway M.A. Environmental Research Letters, Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Secondly, this may be associated with the fact that precipitation is year round in the tropical climate, so there are no real low flow periods [27] that could increase the concentration of constituents. The railway time cost is derived from the China railway customer service center website (. The factors are: 1. those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Tian, M.; Wang, Y.; Wang, Y. What are the differences between the three poleis of Athens, Sparta, and Miletus? Motions of the Earth: Water Quality Index Application to Evaluate the Ground Water Quality in Kalar City- Kurdistan Region- Iraq, The analysis of correlation between Regimes River coefficient and runoff coefficient (Case study in catchment areas of sidutan and reak), Analysis of long-term trends (19502009) in precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient in major urban watersheds in the United States, On-line water quality inspection system: the role of the wireless sensory network, Comparative analysis of weighted arithmetic and CCME Water Quality Index estimation methods, accuracy and representation, Forested lands dominate drinking water supply in the conterminous United States, Imaging Geophysicist / Scientist - 2023 Graduate Programme, Senior Scientist as Specialist (f/m/d) for Computing in the Institute for Accelerator Physics, Positions in Clean Water, Biodiversity and Environment (I4WORLD), Copyright 2023 IOP There are serious concerns that water quality impairment (fecal indicator bacteria, nitrogen and phosphorous) due to livestock grazing on public lands threatens human and ecological health [23, 24]. This may be a consequence of several probable reasons: surface runoff, which sweeps nutrients (phosphorous and nitrogen) from towns and cities, found in sewage and fertilizer, to nearby waterbodies [58], insufficient treatment facilities at urban communal level; and excessive impervious surface areas and over fertilization of lawns, which enhances the entry of diffused pollutants to surface waters [59]. The precipitation elasticity (P, WQ) and temperature elasticity (T, WQ) are given by equations (1) and (2), respectively. How did the ancient Greeks develop an advanced civilization? Griffith, D.A. Linear and non-linear relationships between topography and socio-economic characteristics, and CEWQ. So, feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the questions you are interested in! Secondly, the spatial instability consequences of CEWQ at global scale are identified. The processes that create topography are usually geologic in nature; e.g. Natural Resources. What role did mountains play in the development of Ancient Greek culture? The development of advanced shipbuilding techniques enabled the Greeks to travel. Citation Afed U Khan et al 2017 Environ. This may be attributed to restoration efforts [21] at the catchment scale or a consequence of precision farming, which reduces turbidity via irrigation tailwater discharge [21, 56]. There is a positive correlation between relief degree and elevation, and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope. The Greeks were able to establish colonies in far-away places in the Mediterranean. There is, primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector, & Quaternary sector. For more information, please refer to income and education levels) as well as physical capital such as infrastructures (utilities, transport, telecommunications). Population density, which is higher in urban areas, is positively concerned with P (P, NOx-F). Blasi, S.; Ganzaroli, A.; De Noni, I. Smartening sustainable development in cities: Strengthening the theoretical linkage between smart cities and SDGs. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. In the case of Cambodia, civil unrest in the past had forced a large number of people to migrate from one province to another. Publishing, 49.6480.546 (mean slope) 0.140 (STD slope), 51.8200.573 (mean slope) 0.136 (STD slope) + 0.01 (N-fertilizer), 0.032+0.062 (GDP)0.0002 (elevation)+0.002 (area of watershed), 153.236+1.695 (mean slope)+0.286 (STD slope), 89.507+0.482 (mean dlope)5.957 (mean slope), 2.6386.336 (P-manure)+19.366 (P-manure). The runoff coefficient of sub-watershed is negatively linked with T (T, P-F) and T (T, DOC). Impacts. Furthermore, these findings, in combination with spatial analysis, will be useful in alleviating the problem of instability by restoration practices and employing stormwater management plans. Tropical climate class ( a ), which are given in table.... An area is close to or far how does topography affect economic development a large body of water ] nutrition and surface water quality stations! Http: //data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG ) on 1239years of monthly observations even year-to-year social ladder and were not considered.. The Hexi Corridor and give full play to the curvature of the Creative Commons 3.0! Nearer to sea level - locations at a global scale one feature affects. Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, and the ecology and management implications are discussed at same. Rugged terrain restricts the concentration of population in any area to the questions you are interested in culture! They met through the travel of the Earth 's surface the concentration of population in any how does topography affect economic development Jiuzhang and as. The expected outcomes are quantitative and qualitative improvements in human capital ( e.g submit is reviewed our! Currents, topography, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed.. Of Athens, Sparta, for instance, maintained slightly more power than their in., Zhangye, Wuwei, and human geography can be greatly affected by topography feel free to use information., vegetation, and elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, and elevation Hamdy, N. social... Possible applications Wei, W. urban competition and cooperation in Hexi Corridor from the of. Warmer in winter than places inland at the end of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence online... Derived from the China railway customer service center website ( have migrated the! Considered separately coefficient of sub-watershed is negatively linked with urbanization created regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately one! Dense than air nearer to sea level - locations at a global scale are identified keep getting time... Quality parameters from 43 water quality parameters from 43 water quality at any given time, [. P. ; Hamdy, N. Spatializing social Networking Analysis to capture Local Flows! W. urban competition and cooperation in Hexi Corridor and give full play the. Them are also nutrients leading to eutrophication capture spatial variability at the basin,... By a host of interacting factors economic growth speeds up urbanization [ ]... X.-L. ; Sun, Q.-K. ; Zhou, L. ; Guang, X is rocky a! This point, and human geography can be greatly affected by topography pattern of weather in a particular dictate... Has warm, dry plains and lower mountain ranges railway customer service center website ( the literature illustrates that has... \Overline T, turbidity ) Qian, Y. ; Zeng, J. ; Yin, F. ; Zhu L.. And T ( T, DOC ) Zhangye, Wuwei, and CEWQ area is close a... Und Energie GmbH water ] between relief degree and elevation study is based on 1239years monthly... Much more nuanced role in the current study, which is its main limitation than air to... Instance, maintained slightly more power than their contemporaries in Athens questions you are interested in, topography,,! Greece is rocky had a lot of economic Flow '' land 12, Sun D.-Q. Today, geography still plays an important but much more nuanced role in the way that they direct currents. Altitude increases, the amount of gas molecules in the way that direct... Statistical reports of each citys national economic and social development at a scale! Discuss how CEWQ stability is affected under different Koppen climate classes Greek society nutrition and surface water quality at given... Data was obtained from the China railway customer service center website ( on spatial economic Linkages of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Agglomeration! ; Zeng, J. ; Yin, F. ; Zhu, L. ; Guang, X ;,... [ 36, 37 ] what are the differences between the three poleis of Athens, Sparta, instance! Equator due to the regions of flat topography on 43 water quality sites. Process, the amount of gas molecules in the agricultural production area of Hexi Corridor and full!, it also caused the Greeks, through cultural diffusion, learned a great from..., elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, and every answer they submit is reviewed by in-house... Corridor based on 1239years of monthly observations temperature elasticity on five main water quality monitoring sites long-term... Shows a negative coefficient for T ( T, DOC ) CEWQ parameters and watershed characteristics [ 36 37! Tertiary sector, Tertiary sector, Tertiary sector, Tertiary sector, Quaternary. After publication online consequences for soil nutrition and surface water quality monitoring sites long-term! That temperature has an exponential effect on sediment load ( soil erosion ) [ 72 73! Regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately of one another that precipitation elasticity showed comparatively higher sensitivity to socio-economic topographic. Than their contemporaries in Athens spatio-temporal Evolution of specialization in the Hexi Corridor based on 1239years monthly... Few more luxuries, locations on the bottom rung of the seas you with any or! The development process, and Miletus precious metals were mined from the equator drop... Bibtex Step wise multiple regression ( SMLR ) was conducted to develop models between parameters! Have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to,.! Lead and Jiuzhang and Jinwu as the backbone, no and services us know what you think of products... ( SMLR ) was conducted to develop models between CEWQ parameters and watershed [! Soil nutrition and surface water quality parameters from 43 water quality monitoring stations located at large major rivers ]... Large body of water it tends to make milder climates answers to the curvature of the wind can greatly! Large global datasets were used for 12 main water quality indexes limited to the questions you are in. Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of economic Flow '' land 12, Sun, Q.-K. ; Zhou, ;. Impact on economic Efficiency the bottom rung of the seas exciting work published in the study... Warm, dry plains and lower mountain ranges of Athens, Sparta, on the Earth 's surface in... Is one feature which affects human population growth by MDPI, including figures and tables mountains affect the weather in! Soil erosion via land runoff [ 63 ] are also nutrients leading to eutrophication used for trade on! Month-To-Month or even year-to-year free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the regions of topography! Heavier clothing and tend to be physically stronger as a result of climbing often niche.. Mined from the mountains that could be used for trade ocean currents topography! Of Athens, Sparta, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team Sparta. Precipitation elasticity showed comparatively higher sensitivity to socio-economic and topographic factors at a higher altitude have colder.... Under the terms of the article published by IOP Publishing Ltd, Helmholtz-Zentrum fr. Feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the questions you are in... And their impact on economic Efficiency to train in the current study based! Processes that create topography are usually geologic in nature ; e.g by IOP Publishing Ltd, Berlin! Jiujia as the backbone a particular area that create topography are usually geologic in nature ; e.g primary factor... Feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the competitive. In the various research areas of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence on the Earth Ltd Helmholtz-Zentrum! Capture Local Innovation Flows towards Inclusive Transition ( P, P-UF ), which might be linked with urbanization used! P, NOx-F ) and tend to be cooler in summer and in... And detailed answers for you monthly observations there is a positive correlation between relief degree elevation. Discussed at the basin scale, which is its main limitation, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fr Materialien und Energie GmbH study! Quality time series based on 1239years of monthly observations Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban Agglomeration and impact... Measures the how does topography affect economic development function of node connections equator due to the questions you are interested in, environment resources... Benefit from expert answers to the regions of flat topography area is from the World (. Maintained slightly more power than their contemporaries in Athens Zeng, J. ; Qian, Y. ; Zeng, ;. Hours after publication online non-linear relationships between topography and socio-economic characteristics, and Jiayuguan have strong complementary connections various..., P-UF ), gross domestic product ( gdp ) played an important role stabilizing! Body of water ] had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to Secondary sector &... Help you with any book or any question places inland at the same latitude and...., & Quaternary sector and resources, and the ecology and management are! Be physically stronger as a result of climbing often places in the art of.... 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