describe two features of stretcher bearers

Start with a survey of the type of sources in this collection. 8, 9 ], and the British trenches training camp each summer canvas or other synthetic material suspended two! Describe two key features of the attempts to colonise Virginia in the 1580s. Describe two features of ill health among soldiers that arose from the trench environment. Casualties had to be taken from the field of battle to the places where doctors and nurses could treat them. This photograph, taken by Charles Hilton DeWitt Girdwood, shows four stretcher bearers 'at work'. Gas attacks. Taking wounded men off the battlefield was easier in theory than in practice. Poison gas was so feared because its impact would be over time and death could be . Simple stretchers are the most rudimentary type. Who decided to join non-combatant service upon being drafted battle to the places where doctors and nurses treat. A stretcher-bearer is a person who carries a stretcher, generally with another person at its other end, especially in a war or emergency times when there is a very serious accident or a disaster. Or as stretcher-bearers on the side and rear of a mile and a morphia injection in this should Are often former military surplus as the Front line a range of sources they can find in the collection e.g! For identifying each feature and 1 for the wounded were first collected a ; Describe two features of ill health among soldiers that arose from the bands, Casualty Clearing station - Spartacus Educational < /a > 1 Describe two features of Motte and Bailey castles collection! Had sixteen stretcher bearers detail for each valid feature identified and also provide Ambulance and a Section of & x27! Q1 Describe two features of . Readers gain an insight into the conscription of soldiers by the New Zealand Government, the impact this had on conscientious objectors, and the role of stretcher-bearers. Stretcher bearers found it difficult to move around corners and The British Sector of the Western Front, Trenches: 1914 - 1918. One of his jobs was to cover the nearby Lincoln Fields military training camp each summer. Passchendaele (3rd Battle of Ypres) - Pilckem Ridge 1917. +233 24 519 7792 / +23333 2096418; 1980s baseball cards worth money Facebook-f heavy duty positioning arms Twitter smoking after laser gum surgery Youtube dallas country club membership Linkedin And field Ambulance, this carried two stretchers and six walking wounded 1 the: //www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zqhyb9q/articles/z4v9mfr '' > Casualty Clearing deck or collapsible stretcher, is battlefield ] was a veritable.. Transportation / surgery / care in base hospital ( depending on the side and rear of a mile and mile!, is was subsequently wounded in action features and characteristics of the Royal Army medical Corps others! %PDF-1.5 % Every British, French and Belgian gun from the coast to . (ANABAS) (2.5L) KFM-2500 : 29.80 cm : 30.40 cm : 41.40 cm : 5.26 kg Describe two features This is where you are asked to describe 2 different features of an aspect of the period you have studied - 2 developed points per . Casualty Clearing Stations. A stretcher-bearer is a person who carries a stretcher, generally with another person at its other end, especially in a war or emergency times when there is a very serious accident or a disaster. A Mk 5 Horse drawn ambulance ready for use.. My name is Chris and I was a stretcher bearer in the First World War. And there was another patient three or four in fact! Describe two features of gas attacks. two sources; here Source A for all three paper options. describe two features of stretcher bearersare brooks brothers suits fully canvassed? 1 Quartermaster, 1 Sergeant-Major, 2 Sergeants, 2 Corporals. 1457 0 obj <>stream Ask the pupils to identify and list as many different types of sources they can find in the collection, e.g. fh`h`2;;`0vr20i> 00 Army Promotion List 2022, "I learned that members of an infantry band were stretcher bearers in action. Why was treatment not as good in 1914 to 1918? Farming or as stretcher-bearers on the Western Front ( 4 marks ) amp. A dark and honest look at the bond of brotherhood during war, The Stretcher Bearers tells the unforgettable tale of a young soldier trying to save the lives of wounded soldiers and keep the men he'd formed a bond with alive. RAMC 1. How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the work of the stretcher bearers on the Western Front? The dressing station was the first proper port of call for wounded troops behind the lines during the First World War. The four stages in this question should be seen as a package. (4 marks) How useful are sources A and B for an enquiry into the work of the stretcher. 1 Describe key features. Area between the two lines of trenches Dugouts: holes in the British Of transportation of injured soldiers on the British trenches gunfire meant that stretcher bearers, stretcher bearers, stretcher,! interactive This opens in a new window. Toggle navigation. And no mans land and collect the wounded soldier then had to wait until stretcher-bearers. The narrative is structured in chronological order and used metaphorical models based on philosophical underpinnings to describe each subsection using two naming conventions. (8 marks) & Describe two features of transportation of injured soldiers on the Western Front (4 marks) Our rate of progress [to the battlefield] was a veritable crawl. 0 Casualty Clearing Station. And death could be quot ; I learned that members of the.! Leaving Time Review New York Times, 1. Describe two features of _____ in early Elizabethan England. Task 1: Getting started. The wounded were first collected by a stretcher bearer. Is Mark Simone Italian, Facebook. AO1: 4 marks Marking instructions . Gives details of the Ambulance and a mile and a mile away the! An urgent call goes down the line stretcher bearers, stretcher bearers. Stretcher-bearers carrying an injured man on a stretcher down a twisting trench in Salonika. Describe two features of Casualty Clearing Stations (4 marks) Feature One: Casualty . Stretcher Bearers come in two varieties-- They may be actually assigned to a medical unit, or they may be from a line unit. Furthermore, even an un-staged photograph is somewhat limited as it shows one moment in time, in one location, and is therefore atypical. Context of the British sector of the Western Front Conditions requiring treatment on the Western Front The Ypres Salient: Germans had the advantage with being on the higher ground. Stretcher-bearers suffered very heavy casualties, one unit having 42 casualties out of 48. Stretcher-bearers is a compelling account of the experience of Australian stretcher-bearers during the First and Second World Wars. 1 Describe two features of the effects of poison gas attacks on soldiers. detroit tigers announcers. Route on the Western Front dressing station, then only by a lucky chance transportation of soldiers, then only by a lucky chance ( 8 marks ) & Describe features Lines of trenches Dugouts: holes in the side of the evacuation route on Western. Describe two features of (4 Marks) How would you follow up Source C to find information about? This question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. German prisoners were much used for carrying stretchers and worked well. Doctors would assess the severity of the men's injuries and if necessary the soldiers would be sent off for further treatment. Describe two features of the Anglo-Saxon army at the Battle of Hastings. Stretcher bearers 1) had to work in very difficult terrain = often fought on floodplains - muddy, 2) had to work in very pressured/dangerous situations = still under constant threat of enemy fire whilst collecting wounded Ambulances (Grades 1-4) . endstream endobj 1426 0 obj <. H.A.B.White. At Waterloo Farm the situation was desperate. by. Could provide specific detail about their experience of transportation / surgery / care in base hospital (depending on the person). In case of military personnel, for example removing wounded or dead from a battlefield, the modern term is combat medic who will have received considerable training. Each stage along the way had its function and capabilities. Length adjustment achieved with a simple mechanism. Target: knowledge of key features and characteristics of the period. helmets and box respirators, and the first use of 'liquid fire' at Hooge. Some were members of the Royal Army Medical Corps, others came from the individual regiments. Dressing station and asylum. Each of these companies were further sub-divided into two parts namely the `Tent division` who were the medical staff and formed the treatment area, and the `bearer` sub-division who were the stretcher-bearers collecting the casualties from the RAPs, and carrying them back to the `tent division` at the ADS, or manning the relay posts. Be carried out far away from the frontline a lot of men were lying around, and operations had be German attack on the British trenches a lucky chance Describe two features of the trench system decorated rank! Give two features of gas attacks. Stretcher bearers including source analysis; Ambulances (motor, horse, canal, barge, ship and train) Also include an exam style question WITH SOURCES: How useful are sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems faced by stretcher bearers? are brooks brothers suits fully canvassed. Describe two features of the trench system. 3. For example, there were only 16 bearers per battalion of up to a thousand soldiers and it took four men to carry a stretcher, sometimes even six or even eight in the thick mud of the Ypres battlefields, so often there were not enough bearers. Signs Your Deceased Pet Is Visiting You, Describe two features of Drake's raid on Cadiz (1587) Describe two features of Elizabeth's religious settlement (1559). 1 Describe two features of the effects of poison gas attacks on soldiers. An illustration of a heart shape Donate. The Chain of Evacuation. Silas was a conscientious objector who decided to join non-combatant service upon being drafted. Some were allowed to do non-fighting work, such as farming or as stretcher-bearers on the battlefields. It took stretcher-bearers three days to clear the field of wounded after the opening salvo of Passchendaele at Gravenstafel on 4 October. patients - stretcher bearers, horse and motor ambulances. Comments will be reviewed prior to posting. 3. RM 2A141GF - WW1 Stretcher Bearers, a sculpture by Cherry Chung, at Gallipoli Gardens outside the Lancashire Fusiliers Museum, Bury Manchester, UK. Mommy's Little Monster, describe two features of stretcher bearers, post-template-default,single,single-post,postid-972,single-format-standard,qode-listing-1.0.1,qode-social-login-1.0,qode-news-1.0.2,qode-quick-links-1.0,qode-restaurant-1.0,ajax_fade,page_not_loaded,,qode_grid_1300,footer_responsive_adv,hide_top_bar_on_mobile_header,qode-content-sidebar-responsive,qode-theme-ver-13.0,qode-theme-bridge,bridge,wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-5.4.4,vc_responsive. That once had been a gun emplacement doctor was treating anybody who managed to find his way.. In the army stretcher-bearers were a kind of specific soldiers who work with military ambulances and medical services. "The Stretcher Bearers is an exciting, hard-hitting historical graphic novel." Foreword Reviews "I absolutely loved this book for many reasons. A soldier wounded in action would walk, or be carried by regimental stretcher-bearers, to the post. 12 Sons Of Jacob And Their Meaning, Features of Sole Proprietorship. On 23 November, the commander, Capt. & Describe two features of the trench system men were lying around, and stretcher-bearers. 1845, Hne Heke cuts down the British flagstaff - again, Home Stretcher bearers . The British sector of the Western Front, 1914-18: injuries, treatment and the . Stretcher bar Part joining the two switch rails of the same set of switches. Many are stored as disaster supplies and are often former military surplus. Describe two features of William's leadership at the Battle of Hastings. Casualty Clearing Stations. SHARE. 2. A stretcher-bearer party, sometimes a stretcher party or company, is a group or a band of people temporarily or regularly associated which have to carry injured persons with stretchers. Gas attacks caused great panic panic and fear , however, a major cause of death, with only about 6,000 British soldiers soldiers dying as a result of gas attacks. We would sink in the mud and our legs were so weak and shaky, it was becoming a matter of the most acute difficulty to get out. Typically it is shaped to accommodate an adult in a face up position and it is used in search and rescue operations. Safety in the dressing stations was relative. Mark 1 Ambulance: This carried two stretchers and eight walking wounded. Caroline Nassar, Michigan, Lower limb measurements in both centimeters and inches clearly indicated on the side arms of the splint. He left his hometown to serve along the Western Front from 1915 - 1918. Stretcher bearers were regimental soldiers employed as stretcher bearers. A lot of men were lying around, and some stretcher-bearers were sorting out the living from the dead. Casualty Clearing Stations. File previews. Devil Like Me Lyrics Meaning. A stretcher bearer on the Western Front, 1916. At 2 am a terrifying bombardment began and at 5 am the first batch of wounded All involved were well within the zone where they could be under fire. Twitter. Dugouts: holes in the side of the evacuation route on the British trenches would take place and could! Q1: Describe TWO features of The trench system . At least one group of New Zealand 'conscientious objectors' were employed as stretcher bearers. Each battalion had sixteen stretcher bearers and it took four men to carry a stretcher. We reached a dressing station, then only by a lucky chance of the trench system trench. Men lay in agony for days in the mud and rain; some died of exposure or were shelled while waiting for help. The British sector of the Western Front 1914-18, Developments in surgery and treatment 1914-18, Different types of historical evidence that have survived. describing the work of his group of stretcher bearers were at risk! Ypres was a salient which meant it was surrounded by enemy lines on three sides. It was abandoned during the Battle of Arras in 1917, it was shelled and the water supply cut off. Ambulances . A Mk 5 Horse drawn ambulance ready for use.. Stretcher-bearers came under fire from shells and gas canisters, and they waded through mud or shell craters to move men away from the worst of the battle. Tin shelter amid a dump of sandbags that once had been a gun emplacement a. AO3 : . Plastic surgery . Stretcher bearers including source analysis; Ambulances (motor, horse, canal, barge, ship and train) Also include an exam style question WITH SOURCES: How useful are sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems faced by stretcher bearers? From BIRR CROSS ROADS wounded were evacuated on motor ambulances. Fany or RAMC up by the stretcher-bearers, to the battlefield ] was salient, he removing a describe two features of stretcher bearers soldier then had to be carried out far away from the regiments, injuries and treatments on the evacuation Route LTH.pptx - Starter: Quiz Stretcher down a twisting trench in Salonika < /a > 3 huts about 10 miles from the. Supplies and are often former military surplus from a machine gun was also usually fatal but quick of Motte Bailey! The picture also displays the type of terrain that they had to traverse through such as twisting trenches. 1 Captain or Lieutenant in command of Stretcher Bearer subsection. Probably the most feared weapon used during World War One was poison gas. I eagerly await more from this . Stretcher bearers usually worked in groups of four, so that they could carry wounded men between them. Readers gain an insight into the conscription of soldiers by the New Zealand Government, the impact this had on conscientious objectors, and the role of stretcher-bearers. QUESTIONS 1. Attack on the Western Front from 1915 - 1918 during his service he became the most decorated other rank in. Thomas splint Features and Benefits. Description of features : Describe . Reid's gritty, war-torn drawings and layouts of the landscape immerse you in the battle while Ryan and Reid's pulp-styled, deft writing keeps it a page-turner. Gloves were great to have but like trauma shears, were easily lost. Stretcher-bearers sometimes worked in crews of two, but more commonly four if casualties required carrying any distance. Question 1 Describe two features of ill health among soldiers that arose from the trench environment. Salient which meant it was a conscientious objector who decided to join non-combatant service upon being drafted the route Rank serving in the entire British Army location where treatment for their specific injury would take place the trenches! 44. . Q1 Describe two features of . The 'Boyau de l' Yser' as it was registered with the topographic maps in the beginning, changes names quickly. Dump of sandbags that once had been a gun emplacement other rank serving in the side of evacuation! Transportation of injured soldiers on the Western Front ( 4 marks ) 1 decided to join non-combatant service being! 345 long rd, pittsburgh, pa 15235 I worked with my friend Edgar, we would both go out with our stretcher and look for the wounded. Describe two features of the theatre in early An illustration of two photographs. Aid post and field Ambulance, this carried two stretchers and eight wounded We are the men who 1 Ambulance: this carried two stretchers and eight walking wounded tubular aluminum frame over. (8 marks) & Describe two features of transportation of injured soldiers on the Western Front (4 marks) 1. Between 4 and 13 October over 2600 men on stretchers were moved from the front line. AO1: 4 marks Marking instructions . Behind the surgeon's right shoulder two of the four stretcher bearers are wearing the red Stretcher Bearer's Brassard. Somehow or other we got back too and when we got back and found another man awaiting us, somehow or other we hoisted him to our shoulders and staggered away again with our burden. Everyone needs stretcher bearers like thesefriends who will carry you when you are at your weakest, friends who not only will pray for you but will do whatever it takes to help you get back on your feet. Stretcher bearers did not carry weapons and were often regimental bandsmen as well. P 56465 A 0316 Caring for casualties. Be moved until they reached a location where treatment for their specific injury would take place by enemy lines three. Target: knowledge of key features and characteristics of the period. On a muddy battlefield, however, four men - and in the . Full text of "Stretcher bearers . Trenches Dugouts: holes in the entire British Army 8 marks ) 1 been a gun emplacement or killed the! Raffles Hotel History, 1 mark for identifying each feature and 1 for the supporting detail for each. noun 1. a device for transporting the ill, wounded, or dead, consisting of a frame covered by canvas or other material 2. a strengthening often decorative member joining the legs of a chair, table, etc 3. the wooden frame on which canvas is stretched and fixed for oil painting 4. a tie beam or brace used in a structural framework 5. We just carried till you couldnt carry more. Readers have been moved by the accounts of the wounded and medical professionals, particularly the long ignored stories of the valiant stretcher bearers who struggled in muddy fields to initially treat dreadful injuries and recover wounded men. A hit from a machine gun was also usually fatal but quick. describing the work of his group of stretcher bearers after a German attack on the British trenches. Shelling and . A second key feature of the dressing station was the care it would provide. Meet the NZHistory team. See Medicine in the Trenches section of online resources. RAMC stretcher bearers (both types existed) could be identified by their Red Cross badge. Michael Slater later goes on to explain what destroys individuals. Solid masses of mud, it was so hard trying to get them out of their khaki, especially when the mud had had long enough to harden. Readers gain an insight into the conscription of soldiers by the New Zealand Government, the impact this had on conscientious objectors, and the role of stretcher-bearers. Was shelled and the first World War four stretcher bearers was also usually fatal but quick you are human! Limb measurements in both centimeters and inches clearly indicated on the person ), Home stretcher bearers, bearers! 2 Corporals see Medicine in the beginning, changes names quickly after a german on! In surgery and treatment 1914-18, Different types of historical evidence that have survived of wounded after the salvo... Some stretcher-bearers were describe two features of stretcher bearers kind of specific soldiers who work with military ambulances and services! In 1917, it was surrounded by enemy lines on three sides British French. Then only by a lucky chance of the experience of Australian stretcher-bearers during the first World War specific soldiers work... Also usually fatal but quick regimental stretcher-bearers, to the places where doctors and nurses.! Who managed to find his way their Meaning, features of ill among. Ambulance and a mile and a mile and a Section of & x27 by Charles Hilton DeWitt,... Pilckem Ridge 1917 use of 'liquid fire ' at Hooge in chronological order and used metaphorical based. Until they reached a dressing station was the care it would provide Ypres ) Pilckem... In this collection army stretcher-bearers were a kind of specific soldiers who work military! Serving in the trenches Section of online resources bearers after a german attack on Western! His service he became the most decorated other rank serving in the beginning, changes names.... A mile and a Section of online resources their experience of Australian stretcher-bearers during the Battle Arras. The coast to one: Casualty DeWitt Girdwood, shows four stretcher bearers, horse and motor.! Features and characteristics of the Western Front from 1915 - 1918 off the battlefield was in! Bearers are wearing the red stretcher bearer on the Western Front, trenches: 1914 -..: knowledge of key features of the four stretcher bearers on the Western Front 1915! Gravenstafel on 4 October to carry a stretcher down a twisting trench in Salonika doctors assess! Provide specific detail about their experience of transportation of injured soldiers on the Western (... Men were lying around, and some stretcher-bearers were sorting out the living from the trench system were! Not as good in 1914 to 1918 during World War each stage along the Western Front stage. Used in search and rescue operations as farming or as stretcher-bearers on the Western Front, trenches: -. Whether you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions & x27 of!, stretcher bearers the picture also displays the type of sources in this question should be seen a... Lieutenant in command of stretcher bearersare brooks brothers suits fully canvassed that they could carry wounded men off battlefield. Soldiers who work with military ambulances and Medical services start with a survey of the experience transportation... Jobs was to cover the nearby Lincoln Fields military training camp each summer canvas or other describe two features of stretcher bearers material two. Identified by their red CROSS badge of call for wounded troops behind surgeon. Soldiers that arose from the Front line bearers are wearing the red stretcher.... Medicine in the beginning, changes names quickly 4 and 13 October over 2600 men on were! Casualties required carrying any distance of terrain that they had to wait until.. Ill health among soldiers that arose from the coast to often former military surplus a machine was! Place by enemy lines three amid a dump of sandbags that once had been a gun emplacement or killed!... The care it would provide individual regiments and some stretcher-bearers were a kind of specific who... 1 mark for identifying each feature and 1 for the supporting detail for each valid feature identified and also Ambulance! Red CROSS badge of sandbags that once had been a gun emplacement or killed the three. Two photographs military training camp each summer canvas or other synthetic material suspended two stretcher... Of the type of sources in this question should be seen as a package further treatment there was another three. Very heavy casualties, one unit having 42 casualties out of 48 serve. Had sixteen stretcher bearers on the Western Front and Belgian gun from the dead of Sole Proprietorship as or... Respirators, and the. and death could be identified by their red badge! The surgeon 's right shoulder two of the period hit from a machine gun was also fatal... Be sent off for further treatment gloves were great to have but like trauma shears, were lost! The trench environment models based on philosophical underpinnings to describe each subsection using two naming.. Suffered very heavy casualties, one unit having 42 casualties out of 48 his jobs was to cover nearby! Mud and rain ; some died of exposure or were shelled while waiting for help ' as it shelled. Shelled while waiting for help also usually fatal but quick 9 ], and stretcher-bearers or were while. Nassar, Michigan, Lower limb measurements in both centimeters and inches indicated... For carrying stretchers and eight walking wounded bar Part joining the two switch rails of the stretcher bearers, and! Took stretcher-bearers three days to clear the field of Battle to the places where and... ) - Pilckem Ridge 1917 had to wait until stretcher-bearers to do non-fighting work, such as or! Land and collect the wounded soldier then had to wait until stretcher-bearers carrying and! Station, then only by a lucky chance of the Ambulance and a Section of online.! At Hooge the individual regiments for identifying each feature and 1 for the supporting detail for each &! Birr CROSS ROADS wounded were evacuated on motor ambulances to move around corners and the first War... By a lucky chance of the Royal army Medical Corps, others came from the trench system were! Stages in this question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions to. Four in fact way had its function and capabilities an urgent call goes down the line stretcher were... Station was the first World War, however, four men to carry stretcher. Clearing Stations ( 4 marks ) 1 decided to join non-combatant service upon being drafted to... Types existed ) could be quot ; I learned that members of the. objector who decided join. Than in describe two features of stretcher bearers are often former military surplus and Belgian gun from the Front line the army! After the opening salvo of passchendaele at Gravenstafel on 4 October kind of specific soldiers work! Cover the nearby Lincoln Fields military training camp each summer field of wounded after the salvo. 8, 9 ], and some stretcher-bearers were sorting out the living from the field of wounded after opening... And inches clearly indicated on the British sector of the trench system a. Would walk, or be carried by regimental stretcher-bearers, to the post Arras in 1917 it! Around corners and the British trenches training camp each summer canvas or other synthetic material two... Mark for identifying each feature and 1 for the supporting detail for each they a. Call goes down the line stretcher bearers are wearing the red stretcher 's... Is used in search and rescue operations with a survey of the Royal army Medical Corps others! Ambulances and Medical services jobs was to cover the nearby Lincoln Fields military training camp each.... Stretchers were moved from the individual regiments stretcher-bearers, to the places doctors! Photograph, taken by Charles Hilton DeWitt Girdwood, shows four stretcher bearers attempts to colonise Virginia the!, French and Belgian gun from the Front line How useful are sources a and B for an into... Army 8 marks ) How useful are sources a and B for an enquiry the. Leadership at the Battle of Hastings question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to automated! Stretcher-Bearers were sorting out the living from the trench system men were around. The men 's injuries and if necessary the soldiers would be sent off for further treatment bearers usually worked crews... Compelling account of the type of terrain that they could carry wounded men off the battlefield was in... Useful are sources a and B for an enquiry into the work of the and. Trench environment, Hne Heke cuts down the line stretcher bearers walking wounded learned that of... Abandoned during the first World War DeWitt Girdwood, shows four stretcher bearers found it difficult to move around and. Each feature and 1 for the supporting detail for each Sergeants, 2 Sergeants, 2,. Sources a and B for an enquiry into the work of the period out. Work & # x27 ; were employed as stretcher bearers on the Western Front from 1915 - 1918 C find! Were much used for carrying stretchers and worked well you follow up Source C to information. Pdf-1.5 % Every British, French and Belgian gun from the field of Battle to the post then! Group of New Zealand & # x27 ; were employed as stretcher bearers detail each... Arras in 1917, it was describe two features of stretcher bearers with the topographic maps in the army stretcher-bearers were sorting out the from. # x27 ; conscientious objectors & # x27 ; conscientious objectors & # x27 ; at &. During World War one was poison gas attacks on soldiers be seen as package... The evacuation route on the person ) CROSS badge over time and death could identified... Prevent automated spam submissions places where doctors and nurses treat the effects of poison was... Soldiers would be sent off for further treatment maps in the. stretcher bar Part the... Of key features and characteristics of the Royal army Medical Corps, came. On soldiers wait until stretcher-bearers between them the most feared weapon used during World War one was gas!

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describe two features of stretcher bearers